As of 2023, White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) in New Mexico remains an active United States Army installation and the most extensive military base in the country. Recent activities include hosting a 38th Change of Command Ceremony and participating in scientific research during a solar eclipse, where NASA launched three rockets from the base.

The residential community, known as White Sands Homes, is a gated area offering rental homes primarily to active-duty military families. This housing has been privatized and is managed by Balfour Beatty Communities, with some homes also available to military retirees, DOD civilian employees, contractors, and the general public.

Key historical highlights of White Sands Missile Range include:

1. Trinity Site: WSMR is famously home to the Trinity Site, where the first atomic bomb was tested on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project. This test, codenamed "Trinity," marked a pivotal moment in the history of nuclear weapons and had profound implications for the end of World War II and the onset of the Cold War.

2. Development of Missile Technology: Post World War II, WSMR played a crucial role in developing U.S. missile technology. It was the primary testing ground for early American rockets and missiles, including the V-2 rocket brought from Germany after the war. This laid the foundation for the U.S. space program and intercontinental ballistic missile systems.

3. Space Exploration: The range has been instrumental in the U.S. space program. It was used to test captured V-2 rockets and later to launch American rockets like the Viking, Corporal, and Redstone. These tests were critical in developing the technology that would eventually send humans to space.

4. Military Testing: Apart from space and missile testing, WSMR has been used for various military experiments, including missile defense systems and weapons testing. It provides a controlled environment for testing new aviation, missile defense, and weaponry technologies.

5. Scientific Research: The unique ecosystem of WSMR has also made it a site for environmental and atmospheric research. Scientists have studied desert ecosystems, wildlife biology, and atmospheric phenomena.

6. Cultural and Historic Significance: The range encompasses several prehistoric and historic sites, reflecting the region's rich cultural history. This includes Native American archaeological sites and landmarks from the early exploration and settlement of the American Southwest.

Throughout history, the White Sands Missile Range has been at the forefront of technological advancement in weaponry, space exploration, and scientific research. It plays a critical role in shaping modern military and space capabilities. Its continued use for testing and study underscores its ongoing importance in national defense and technology development.